List of countries by income equality and human development index
This is a list of countries or dependencies by income inequality metrics, including Gini coefficients, and Human Development Index.
Gini
The Gini coefficient is a number between 0 and 1, where 0 corresponds with perfect equality (where everyone has the same income) and 1 corresponds with perfect inequality (where one person has all the income—and everyone else has no income). Income distribution can vary greatly from wealth distribution in a country (see List of countries by distribution of wealth). Income from black market economic activity is not included and is the subject of current economic research.
HDI
The first human development index was published in 1990 with the goal of being a more comprehensive measure of human development than purely economic measures such as GDP. The index incorporates three dimensions of human development, a long and healthy life, knowledge, and decent living standards. Various indicators are used to quantify how countries perform on each dimension. The indicators used in the 2020 report was life expectancy at birth; expected years of schooling for children; mean years of schooling for adults; and Gross National Income per capita. The indicators are used to create a health index, an education index and an income index each with a value between 0 and 1. The geometric mean of the three indexes, the cube root of the product of the indexes, is the human development index. A value above 0.800 is classified as very high, between 0.700 and 0.799 high, 0.550 to 0.699 as medium and anything below 0.550 as low.
The table
= increase
= steady
= decrease
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